Rack and pinion inspection

Rack and pinion inspection mean a detailed check of all elements from tie-rod ends, through the rack and pinion assembly to the control gear. A thorough inspection of the entire system is required to resolve the client’s complaint about difficult driving.

The rack and pinion system does not have a pitman arm, an idler arm, and a center link. It has a rack and pinion instead. That’s why the rack and pinion system has fewer places for wear, which are reduced to the ends of the ties. Carefully check the rack and pinion steering linkage for leaks, which can cause the pump to run out of steering fluid and become damaged.

Inspecting the steering rack includes the ball joints, protective rubbers, tie ends, protective rubber bushings, internal tie-rod, rack connecting sleeves, mounting bolts, universal (Cardan) joints, and steering gear.

Ribbed rubber bellows boot protects the bar from contamination. If any cracks, splits, or leaks exist, the boot should be replaced. Also, be sure that the clamps for the bellows are in their proper place and fastened tightly.

Inspecting the outer tie-rod end means checking for damage, leaks, and looseness. Grab each end and rotate to feel for any roughness that would indicate internal rusting. Be sure to check for bent or damaged forgings and studs, split or damaged seals, and damaged, out-of-round, or loose taper ends. If any of these conditions exist, it is necessary to replace those parts.

To rack and pinion inspection, follow these steps:

Test couplings

Inspect universal joints for wear, looseness, or pinching. Grasp the pinion shaft at the U-joint and try to move it in and out of the gear. If it moves, the pinion bearing preload adjustment may need to be done. If it does not adjust, internal components have to be replaced.

Overview of the rack and pinion assembly

Inspect the rack housing for damage and excessive movement. If it moves, check the condition of the rack connecting sleeves and assembly support. Check for leaks. Inspect the ribbed bellows’ boot and their clamps.

Tie-rod check

Check by feeling, moving, and the inner tie-rod socket inside the bellows. Loosen the inner bellows clamp and pull the bellows back, giving a clear view of the socket. If looseness is found in the tie rod, it should be replaced.

Inspect the outer tie-rod ends. Move the tie-rod to the appearance of looseness and excessive play. If the damage and looseness are found, replace them.